Diuretics Rules & Exceptions

[rasheed]

• They all block Na reabsorption along the tubule
• They all cause hypokalemia EXCEPT K sparing diuretics
• Thiazides cause hypertriglyceridemia EXCEPT Indapamide
• K sparing diuretics are antiandogenic EXCEPT Eplerenone
• Loop diuretics cause sulfa allergy EXCEPT Ethacrynic acid
• Hyperglycemia mostly caused by Thiazides
• Only Thiazides cause hypercalcemia, all others cause hypocalcemia
• Acidosis is seen with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and K sparing diuretics
• Alkalosis is seen in loop and Thiazides diuretics
• Hyperchloremia is seen only in carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
• Caffeine works on vasodilating the glomerular vessels unlike all other diuretics which work on blocking Na reabsorption
• Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors paradoxically cause renal stones because they result in basic urine (bicarbonateuria)

[andriaskansas]

Very useful