59 year old man presents to the emergency department because of a rapid heartbeat. ECG shows atrial fibrillation. The physician begins administering a common intravenous anticoagulant as prophylaxis against thrombosis, but the ordered dosage is accidentally tripled. 30 minutes later, a phlebotomist is unable to stop the patient's bleeding after a routine venipuncture. An agent that will reverse the effects of this patient's accidental overdose works because it has which of the following chemical properties?
A) Highly anionic B) Highly cationic C) Large and polar D) Small and nonpolar E) Zwitterion molecule
59 year old man presents to the emergency department because of a rapid heartbeat. ECG shows atrial fibrillation. The physician begins administering a common intravenous anticoagulant as prophylaxis against thrombosis, but the ordered dosage is accidentally tripled. 30 minutes later, a phlebotomist is unable to stop the patient's bleeding after a routine venipuncture. An agent that will reverse the effects of this patient's accidental overdose works because it has which of the following chemical properties?
B) Highly cationic peptide
it binds with heparin then forms the complex of protamine+heparin which is finaly removed and broken down by reticuloendothelial system..
This patient is suffering from Heparin overdose. Overdose of Heparin is treated with Protamine Sulfate. Protamine Sulfate is positively charge; while Heparin is negatively charge. Therefore, Protamine Sulfate is cationic molecule that binds anionic molecule of Heparin and inhibits Heparin's effects.
Warfarin on other hand is small and nonpolar, meaning lipid soluble. Treatment of Warfarin overdose will be Vitamin K and Fresh Frozen Plasma. If patient is in nonbleeding asymptomic state then Vitamin K is right choice. If patient is bleeding/symptomic state then Fresh Frozon Plasma is the right choice.
Another name for Vitamin K is Phytonadione. Vitamin K is nonpolar, fat lipid.
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