Yes, the SAME Reed-Sternberg cells may also be found in reactive lymphadenopathy (such as infectious mononucleosis, carbamazepine associated lymphadenopathy) and very rarely non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
But if you have to choose an answer, the likelihood is higher for Hodgkin's lymphoma.
In Mono we can see the SAME Reed-Sternberg cells and also other atypical lymphocytes, like this pic:
Atypical peripheral blood lymphocyte in patient with mononucleosis (indentation of cell membrane, deeply basophilic cytoplasm and enlarged nucleus, several times larger than adjacent erythrocytes)
but if you see Reed-Sternberg cells, the likelihood is higher for Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Awesome pics Bebix! Also guys, I just want to point out that while it's great to be able to recognize pictures, don't get too freaked out is you can't distinguish between all the different pictures because on the USMLE (and in the real world), you will have clinical clues to help you figure it out. For example, the clinical vignette for CMV would look very different from Hodgkin's lymphoma. Our pathology professor always told us not to look at the picture until we knew what we were looking for, or else you just confuse yourself more. Even pathologists get a clinical vignette before they need to make a diagnosis! Just a word of encouragement to everyone
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