electrolytes-

1 How insulin cuz hypokalemia. 2 Normal saline infusion in DKA should cause increase osmololity (because of increase SODIUM) BUT uworld says it decrease osmolality..

Can somebody explain what will happen to Rbc volume equlibrated in isotonic saline when placed in follwing 1. 200 mOsm Nacl and 200 mOsm urea 2. 300mOSM urea only 3. 500 mOsm urea only.

hey does anyone know the reason of normal anion gap for the following circumstances Hyperalimentation Addision Disease Renal tubular acidosis Diarrhea Acetazolamide Sprionolactone...

1) why it causes hypOKalemia, hypOnatremia and hypOchloremia. it should not cause hypOnatremia but Uworld mentioned hypOnatremia also. 2) which diuretic cause contraction alkalosis.

POTASSIUM · Normal K+ range 3.5 - 5.5 HYPERKALEMIA (K+ >5.5) · Cause of hyperkalemia - Acidosis, aldosterone deficiency, ACE inhibitors, ARBS - Beta-blocker - Crush injury, - Digitalis, insulin deficiency - Renal, RTA type IV Frequently tested ·...

How alkalosis cuz hypokalemia? if this is due to H and K pump then it means more H moves outside cell and K moves inside cell..So it should be Acidosis cuz more H in ECF is acidosis as like increase K in ECF is hYperkalemia.

Can someone explain the mechanism of hypocalcaemia in Alkalosis and whether it causes tetany or not and what happens to level of calcium in acidosis?

I have seen that hypokalemia cuz metabolic alkalosis and hyperkalemia cuz metabolic acidocis. can anyone plz explain . See addisons disease cuz metabolic acidosis and conns disease cuz metabolic alkalosis

If in the options for Tx of DKA is given both A. aggressive IVF with 0.9% normal saline B. IV insulin Which one should we choose ?

Why hypercalcemia produce diastolic hypertension ??

Review books are confusing on this subject, i do not seem to find any clear cut recommendations. Bony mets following malignancy or Hypercalcemia with malignancy; the options r numerous . Plz Help & Explain... When to use what & based on Ca2+ level/symptoms/??? Saline Saline + loop Calcitonin...

How it is possible? PTH increases excretion of phosphate and in renal osteodystrophy PTH is increased.. Source: Goljan 3rd edition. Pg 411. (lab finding of renal osteodystrophy)

hello all: Which of the following can increased the excretion of urine calcium? (plz explain) A.) increased extracellular volume B.) increased blood phosphate C.) metabolic acidosis D.) increased concentration of PTH in blood

Does low K+ cause increased insulin release or decreased? UWorld for some reason says increased released, but I am pretty sure it is decreased release.

any body can please tell that How hyperkalemia converts fast response cell into slow response cell? How hyperkalemia cause shortening of QT interval? What i hav understood so far is that when there is...

Can you plz tell me why insulin cuZ hypokalemia???

Insulin causes hypertension by retaining Na+ in renal tubules. Can you guys explain the mechanism of Na+ retention?

Hi, why in right heart failure, kidney reabsorbs a slightly hypotonic, sodium containing fluid? ( in goljan lecture said that gaining both water and salt, but more water than salt....but why?) :confused:

fact: shouldn't give calcium gluconate in the setting of digitoxin toxicity. i was wondering why.. and couldn't figure it out.. but here's what i've found: how Ca gluconate treats hyperkalemia: hyperkalemia reduces the resting membrane potential of cardiac myocyte from -90 to -80 for example...

A 17 year old girl comes to the physician because of fatigue, increased thirst, and increased urination over the past 2 weeks. She has had a 4.5 kg (10 lb) weight loss during this period despite an increased appetite. She has not had dysuria. At the onset of her symptoms, she had a mild...