USMLE Forums banner

Genetics of diabetes

3275 Views 3 Replies 3 Participants Last post by  Sabio
Which is more genetically influenced type I or type II?

I've seen a question telling that type II is more genetic than type I. Then how come we have the HLA association in type I?

Any convincing answer will be appreciated ..
  • Like
Reactions: 2
1 - 4 of 4 Posts
Reply to Genetics of Diabetes

It is a commonly seen phenomenon that type 2 diabetes runs in families. That is why we ask for family history for diabetes when we suspect diabetes in a patient. There are multiple genes along with environmental factors involved in this and the exact pattern of inheritance is unknown.

As for type 1 diabetes there is also thought to be a genetic predisposition, but Type 2 diabetes has a stronger genetic basis.

Fun Fact: If you are a woman with type 1 diabetes and your child was born before you were 25, your child's risk is 1 in 25; if your child was born after you turned 25, your child's risk is 1 in 100.

If you have type 2 diabetes, the risk of your child getting diabetes is 1 in 7 if you were diagnosed before age 50 and 1 in 13 if you were diagnosed after age 50.
Source : http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/genetics-of-diabetes.html
See less See more
  • Like
Reactions: 4
Thank you ohmedK
but does that mean that HLA typing is associated with Type II not Type I?
  • Like
Reactions: 1
HLA association is only seen in Type I diabetes and not in Type II.
However, the role of genetics is stronger in Type II as you have 20% of patients having first degree relative affected while the percentage is only 10% in the case of Type I.
The most acceptable theory so far about the development of Type I is autoimmune destruction of the islet cells possible triggered by a virus in a genetically susceptible individuals.
While in Type II it's mainly the metabolic syndrome with obesity and insulin resistance that are playing role in the pathogenesis. Some papers indicated a possible autosomal dominant mode of transmission in Type II patients.
  • Like
Reactions: 3
1 - 4 of 4 Posts
This is an older thread, you may not receive a response, and could be reviving an old thread. Please consider creating a new thread.
Top